Naproxen sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used for the treatment of pain, inflammation, and fever. Naproxen sodium works by blocking the production of prostaglandins, which are substances in the body that cause pain, inflammation, and fever.

Prostaglandins are produced in response to injury or illness and help to protect the affected area by causing pain and swelling. By blocking the production of prostaglandins, naproxen sodium can reduce the severity of pain and inflammation associated with conditions such as menstrual cramps, headaches, toothaches, arthritis, and injuries.

Naproxen sodium works by blocking the activity of an enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX). There are two forms of COX: COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is an enzyme that is involved in the production of prostaglandins that play a role in regulating functions such as protecting the stomach lining and promoting blood flow to the kidneys. COX-2 is an enzyme that is primarily involved in the production of prostaglandins that cause pain and inflammation.

Naproxen sodium is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, which means that it specifically blocks the activity of COX-2 and reduces the production of prostaglandins that cause pain and inflammation. Unlike some other NSAIDs, naproxen sodium does not have a significant effect on COX-1, which helps to reduce the risk of side effects such as stomach ulcers and bleeding.

In summary, naproxen sodium works by blocking the production of prostaglandins that cause pain, inflammation, and fever. This is achieved by blocking the activity of COX-2, which is primarily responsible for the production of prostaglandins associated with pain and inflammation. By reducing the severity of pain and inflammation, naproxen sodium can help to relieve symptoms associated with a range of conditions.